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Bluebeard's Castle stands as one of the cornerstones of 20th-century psychological opera. Composed by Béla Bartók with a Hungarian libretto by Béla Balázs, the work draws its language from Hungarian and is based on Charles Perrault's La Barbe bleue. The opera is renowned for its stark, symbolist staging and compact runtime of roughly 60–70 minutes with no intermission. It premiered in Budapest in 1918 and remains Bartók's only opera, a centerpiece of modern opera repertoire that explores memory, fear, and the psyche.